5 TYPES OF PLUTONIUM RELEASED AT NUCLEAR ACCIDENT SITE IN NEW MEXICO

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YOU MAY ALSO SEE HOW THE WIND CARRIED  RADIATION IN EACH DIRECTION ...
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Immediately after the leak was discovered, the public should have been given a detailed explanation of what was released, said Dr. Bob Neill, who received his degree in radiological medicine.  Americium 241 and plutonium 239 were mentioned. “But there are four other radio-isotopes of plutonium, namely the 238, 240, the beta and 241,” he said. “They’re all bone-seekers. So you want to be able to report all the values—how each one may have contributed. It’s just essential.”
The director of an organization that evaluated the WIPP site for over 25 years said officials aren’t doing enough to inform New Mexicans.
Dr. Neill led the Environmental Evaluation Group, which provided independent technical evaluations of the WIPP project for more than two decades. He retired a year after the plant opened in 1999, and the group disbanded in 2004.
He said it’s essential for the government to not only perform analyses and acquire data but to communicate those results to the public.

FROM A COMMENT ON WHAT HE SAID:
"The problem in communication occurred when the public was not communicated the information they are entitled, by federal law, to receive in regards to their public health and safety. Given data in radioactivity values rather than dose values was their first deception. Not explaining to the public in Carlsbad and the nation the limits of dose exposure they are allowed to be subjected to by federal law was the next deception. Not giving the public a time table of "when" an evacuation would be ordered by federal law under current release data calculated into projections of necessity and again that is "when" not "if" as Neill speculates, was the worst deception of all. When you have increasing release trends a timetable becomes a valuable tool for aiding the public in making life changing decisions on relocation. Franco stating that it will take "several years for cancer" to develop was honest however not given in full context of the information the public was entitled too. In addition, those public meetings are not for WIPP public relations purposes they are for the emergency management of a community after a nuclear accident and not once were they conducted "

DR. HELEN CALDICOTT March 2014: One of the repositories for very, very dangerous radioactive waste plutonium, americium, etc. has just leaked radiation all around the area in Carlsbad, New Mexico.
One microgram of plutonium, a millionth of a gram of plutonium, if inhaled will induce lung cancer. It’s extraordinarily radioactive.
So they thought this would be safe storing radiation in salt mines, but something happened, one of the casks blew up or part of the ceiling fell on the casks, we do not know.
But I predict that that facility will never be able to be used again, it will be so contaminated.

WE KNOW NOW THAT THERE WAS A SECOND RELEASE.
CARLSBAD, N.M. —New air sampling data from southeastern New Mexico's troubled nuclear waste dump indicates there has been another small radiation release.

Department of Energy officials say a monitoring station picked up elevated radiation readings around the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant near Carlsbad on March 11. That's nearly a month after a Valentine's Day leak contaminated 17 workers and shut the only repository for toxic waste from the nation's nuclear bomb-building program.

The plant has been shuttered since early February. Shipments were halted after a truck hauling salt through the repository's tunnels caught fire. Nine days later, the plant's alarms were triggered by the radiation release.

Read more: http://www.koat.com/news/new-mexico/2nd-radiation-release-indicated-at-wipp/25044022#ixzz2x5gLi5PO

LET'S EXPLORE THIS PLUTONIUM THING...
As the Argonne National Laboratory noted:
Essentially all the plutonium on earth has been created within the past six decades by human activities involving fissionable materials.
UNDERSTAND, PLEASE, THAT MAN HAS CREATED PLUTONIUM AND MAN HAS UNLEASHED IT ACROSS THE GLOBE.
YOU REALLY NEED TO COME TO TERMS WITH THE FACTS IN ORDER TO LOOK FOR SOLUTIONS.
Atmospheric testing of nuclear weapons, which ceased worldwide by 1980 , generated most environmental plutonium. About 10,000 kg were released to the atmosphere during these tests.
Average plutonium levels <PUT THERE BY NUCLEAR TESTING, ETC)  in surface soil from fallout range from about 0.01 to 0.1 picocurie per gram (pCi/g).
Accidents and other releases from weapons production facilities have caused greater localized contamination. 

So like radioactive cesium and iodide, plutonium doesn’t exist in nature in any significant quantity, and so “background radiation” is a meaningless concept.
[BURN THAT INTO YOUR MINDS..."BACKGROUND RADIATION" IS A MEANINGLESS CONCEPT!
ALL RADIATION IS HAZARDOUS TO HUMAN HEALTH AND EVERYONE IN MEDICINE AND SCIENCE KNOWS THIS! ] 

“internal emitters” (radioactive substances which get inside our bodies) are more dangerous than “external emitters”. Plutonium is deadly as an internal emitter.
AGAIN, as Argone National Labs notes:
When plutonium is inhaled, a significant fraction can move from the lungs through the blood to other organs, depending on the solubility of the compound. Little plutonium is absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract after ingestion, and little is absorbed through the skin following dermal contact. After leaving the intestine or lung, [ONLY] about 10% CLEARS the body. The rest of what enters the bloodstream (90%) deposits about equally in the liver and skeleton where it remains for long periods of time, with biological retention halflives of about 20 and 50 years, respectively, per simplified models that do not reflect intermediate redistribution. The amount deposited in the liver and skeleton depends on the age of the individual, with fractional uptake in the liver increasing with age. Plutonium in the skeleton deposits on the cortical and trabecular surfaces of bones and slowly redistributes throughout the volume of mineral bone with time...
There is an external gamma radiation hazard associated with plutonium-244 from it short-lived decay product neptunium-240m.
Inhaling airborne plutonium is the primary concern for all isotopes, and cancer resulting from the ionizing radiation is the health effect of concern. The ingestion hazard associated with common forms of plutonium is much lower than the inhalation hazard

PLUTONIUM IS HEAVY BUT CAN TRAVEL HUNDREDS OF MILES FROM ITS RELEASE SITE AS HAS BEEN PROVEN BY CHERNOBYL AND WILL BE PROVEN BY FUKUSHIMA.

Although plutonium is a long-lived emitter of radiation, it is also quite heavy, so it is not likely to move very far downwind from its source. However, plutonium from Chernobyl has been discovered in Sweden and Poland.

So plutonium might be heavier than other radioactive materials, but it is not so heavy that it can’t travel hundreds of miles in the right circumstances.
Plutonium is a particularly long-lived and toxic material. The half-life of plutonium-239 is 24,000 years, so if it escaped in smoke from a burning reactor and contaminated soil downwind, it would remain hazardous for tens of thousands of years.

FROM THE U.S. NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION ITSELF...
Nearly all plutonium is man-made. It does occur naturally in very small amounts in a type of ore called pitchblende. Once the main source of uranium and radium, pitchblende contains one part per trillion of natural plutonium.
Plutonium emits alpha particles—a type of radiation that does not penetrate and has a short range so it is easy to contain. But plutonium can be long-lived. It can deposit in the bones and lungs, and could increase an individual's cancer risk. Therefore, exposure limits are set very low.
There are 15 different forms, or isotopes, of plutonium. Each has a different number of neutrons, so the isotopes are identified by different numbers to indicate their mass. Some isotopes are "fissionable"—which means the atom's nucleus is unstable and can easily split apart if it is struck by a neutron. Pu-239 and Pu-241 are the most abundant of the fissionable isotopes of plutonium.
The different isotopes of plutonium have different "half-lives" – the time it takes for one-half of a radioactive substance to decay. Pu-239 has a half-life of 24,000 years and Pu-241's half-life is 14.4 years. The plutonium isotope with the shortest half-life, 20 minutes, is Pu-233. Naturally occurring Pu-244 has the longest half-life—80 million years. Substances with shorter half-lives emit stronger radioactive energy, so they decay more quickly than those with longer half-lives.
When radioactive isotopes decay, they transform. They might become different plutonium isotopes or different elements, such as uranium or neptunium.
The most common form of plutonium is plutonium oxide. If plutonium oxide is inhaled, some of it remains in the lungs. Between 20 and 60 percent can remain, depending upon the size of the particles and other factors. If plutonium oxide gets into an open wound, it may move directly into bones and other organs, mainly the liver.
. A commercial power reactor creates plutonium in its many isotopic forms, including Pu-239, Pu-240, Pu-241, and Pu-242. This is known as "reactor-grade" plutonium. In contrast, "weapons-grade" plutonium is almost pure Pu-239 (over 90 percent). This form requires a specially designed and operated reactor. Plutonium production reactors operated by the U.S. government during the Cold War have all shut down.
With the end of the Cold War, the United States and the former Soviet Union began dismantling thousands of nuclear weapons. This work created a surplus of high enriched uranium and plutonium. To keep the surplus from falling into the wrong hands, the U.S. and Russia agreed to mix their plutonium with uranium to make mixed oxide (MOX) fuel for power reactors. Irradiating the "weapons-grade" plutonium in a commercial reactor makes it "reactor-grade" and no longer useful for weapons. There would be no reprocessing or subsequent reuse of the MOX spent fuel. It would be disposed in a deep geologic repository along with other high-level nuclear waste. -January 2014>>

FROM THE ABOMINABLE CDC:
Where does [PLUTONIUM] come from?
Plutonium is created from uranium in nuclear reactors. It is a by-product of nuclear weapons production and nuclear power operations.
How can it hurt me?
Because it emits alpha particles, plutonium is most dangerous when inhaled. When plutonium particles are inhaled, they lodge in the lung tissue. The alpha particles can kill lung cells, which causes scarring of the lungs, leading to further lung disease and cancer. Plutonium can enter the blood stream from the lungs and travel to the kidneys, meaning that the blood and the kidneys will be exposed to alpha particles. Once plutonium circulates through the body, it concentrates in the bones, liver, and spleen, exposing these organs to alpha particles.
What are the immediate health effects of exposure to radiation?
Exposure to large amounts of radiation over a short period of time can cause Acute Radiation Syndrome (ARS). If you have symptoms of ARS (skin burns, nausea, or vomiting) seek medical attention as soon as it is safe to leave your building or shelter. If you were exposed to a small amount of radiation, you will not see any health effects right away.
YOU WILL SEE THE EFFECTS, BUT NOT RIGHT AWAY!!!

Short-Term Health Effects of Radiation Exposure and Contamination

• Acute Radiation Syndrome Radiation sickness, known as acute radiation syndrome (ARS).
  
• Cutaneous Radiation Injury (CRI) Happens when exposure to a large dose of radiation causes injury to the skin.
  
  Long-Term Health Effects of Radiation Exposure and Contamination
  
  ~Cancer
  People who receive high doses of radiation could have a greater risk of developing cancer later in life, depending on the level of radiation exposure.

• Prenatal Radiation Exposure It is especially important that pregnant women follow instructions from emergency officials and seek medical attention as soon as emergency officials say it is safe to do so after a radiation emergency.
  
• Mental Health Any emergency, including those involving radiation, can cause emotional and psychological distress.
  

WHAT COULD BE WORSE THAN PLUTONIUM?
MAYBE, JUST MAYBE, POLONIUM?
POLONIUM IS ALSO FOUND AT NUCLEAR REACTORS, YOU SEE, AND ALSO BECOMES A "WASTE PRODUCT" THAT IS SELDOM SPOKEN OF.

IT'S LETHAL DOSAGE IS SO LOW THAT 1 GRAM OF THE STUFF CAN POISON 20 MILLION PEOPLE AND HALF OF THOSE WILL DIE QUICKLY....BUT IT IS FOUND AT NUCLEAR REACTORS.
According to United Nuclear, they typically sell between four and eight sources per year.
In the United States, polonium was produced as part of the Manhattan Project's Dayton Project during World War II. It was a critical part of the implosion-type nuclear weapon design used in the Fat Man bomb on Nagasaki in 1945. Polonium and beryllium were the key ingredients of the 'urchin' detonator at the center of the bomb's spherical plutonium pit. The urchin ignited the nuclear chain reaction at the moment of prompt-criticality to ensure the bomb did not fizzle.
The Atomic Energy Commission and the Manhattan Project funded human experiments using polonium on 5 people at the University of Rochester between 1943 and 1947. The people were administered between 9 and 22 microcuries (330 and 810 kBq) of polonium to study its excretion.
Polonium-210 is typically used in static elimination devices employed in various industries.

Some prototype Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generators, first built in 1958 by the US Atomic Energy Commission, have used Polonium-210. This isotope provides phenomenal power density because of its high radioactive activity, but has limited use because of its very short half-life of 138 days.
WHERE DID THOSE WIND UP?
CHESAPEAKE BAY, OFF THE GULF COAST, WHERE?
I WONDER BECAUSE...
In 1969 the launch of the first Lunokhod lunar rover mission failed, spreading polonium 210 over a large area of Russia


Polonium is a very rare element in nature found in uranium ores at ONLY about 0.1 mg per metric ton. Because of intense alpha radiation, a one-gram sample of ²¹⁰Po will spontaneously heat up to above 500 °C (932 °F) generating about 140 watts of power. Therefore, ²¹⁰Po is used as an atomic heat source to power radioisotope thermoelectric generators via thermoelectric materials.
Polonium is highly dangerous and has no biological role.
By mass, polonium-210 is around 250,000 times more toxic than hydrogen cyanide.
The main hazard is its intense radioactivity (as an alpha emitter), which makes it very difficult to handle safely.
The median lethal dose (LD₅₀) for acute radiation exposure is generally about 4.5 Sv.
The committed effective dose equivalent ²¹⁰Po is 0.51 µSv/Bq if ingested, and 2.5 µSv/Bq if inhaled.
So a fatal 4.5 Sv dose can be caused by ingesting 8.8 MBq (240 µCi), about 50 nanograms
(ng), or inhaling 1.8 MBq (49 µCi), about 10 ng.
One gram of ²¹⁰Po could thus, in theory, poison 20 million people of whom 10 million would die.

In addition to the acute effects, radiation exposure (both internal and external) carries a long-term risk of death from cancer of 5–10% per Sv.

The general population is exposed to small amounts of polonium as a radon daughter in indoor air; the isotopes ²¹⁴Po and ²¹⁸Po are thought to cause the majority.
The maximum allowable body burden for ingested ²¹⁰Po is only 1.1 kBq (30 nCi), which is equivalent to a particle massing only 6.8 picograms.

Polonium is also found in the food chain, especially in seafood.
IT'S FOUND IN SEAFOOD BECAUSE NUCLEAR TESTING AND NUCLEAR REACTORS AND MAN PUT IT THERE, USING THE OCEAN AS A TESTING SITE, DUMPING WASTE INTO IT, AND ALL THOSE NASTY LITTLE "ACCIDENTS"..

THEY ALSO KNOW THAT POLONIUM IS IN OUR FOOD BECAUSE THEY PUT IT THERE, BY MEANS OF PHOSPHATE FERTILIZERS!
AND THERE IS NO WAY TO REMOVE IT.
Radioactive polonium-210 contained in phosphate fertilizers is absorbed by the roots of plants  and stored in its tissues.

IF OUR AGING NUCLEAR FACILITIES WERE LEAKING POLONIUM, PLUTONIUM, OR ANYTHING ELSE ON A DAILY BASIS, SOMEONE WOULD TELL US, WOULDN'T THEY?
WELL, WOULDN'T THEY?
HOW ABOUT ALL THAT TESTING BACK IN THE 1940s-1960s...DID THEY TELL US THEN?

WHETHER AN ACCIDENT HAPPENS IN NEW MEXICO, WASHINGTON STATE, FUKUSHIMA, RUSSIA, OR ON THE MOON, WE WILL BE THE LAST TO KNOW HOW BAD THINGS ARE.

WE MUST REMEMBER THAT THE "FOUNDING FATHERS" CONSIDERED US COMMON CITIZENS SO STUPID, SO INCAPABLE OF CLEAR THOUGHT THAT THEY DEVISED THE "ELECTORAL COLLEGE" TO SCREW US OUT OF REALLY MAKING THE DECISIONS WHEN WE "VOTE".
<<The average person will lack the ability to recognize who the actual experts in the field are, leaving him vulnerable to political charlatans who will appeal to his emotions and not his reason.>>
WE WOULD HAVE BEEN TOO PANICKED BY NUCLEAR WEAPONS SO THAT WAS HIDDEN FROM US FOR YEARS.
WE'RE TOO SPOOKED BY THOUGHTS OF A LONG, DRAWN-OUT DEATH BY RADIATION POISONING, AND SO....
YOU DECIDE, BUT I'M SURE THE DECISIONS ARE NOT NOW, AS THEY NEVER WERE, OURS TO MAKE.
WE'RE JUST THE "FLOCK" AND THE SHEPHERDS KNOW BEST, RIGHT?

HANFORD NUCLEAR FACILITY FALLING APART. RADIATION LEAKING FOR DECADES.

UPDATE: AN ADDITIONAL 6 WORKERS WERE TREATED FOR THE SAME SYMPTOMS AS THE INITIAL 11 TWO DAYS AGO. THE LEAKS CONTINUE!
Another six people working at or near waste tank farms at the Hanford Site reported symptoms believed to be linked to chemical vapors from the tanks, a Hanford Nuclear Reservation contractor said.

Read more here: http://www.theolympian.com/2014/03/28/3058000/hanford-chemical-vapors-sicken.html?sp=/99/224/&ihp=1#storylink=cpy

Symptoms reported previously included coughing, burning eyes, headaches, nose bleeds and dizziness.

Read more here: http://www.theolympian.com/2014/03/28/3058000/hanford-chemical-vapors-sicken.html?sp=/99/224/&ihp=1#storylink=cpy

It was the second day in a row and third in the past two weeks workers have reported symptoms linked to chemical vapors from the underground waste tanks. According to the report, HEPA filters prevent radioactive particles from venting into the atmosphere at the tank farms, but do not capture many other nonradioactive chemicals.

Read more here: http://www.theolympian.com/2014/03/28/3058000/hanford-chemical-vapors-sicken.html?sp=/99/224/&ihp=1#storylink=cpy

THAT MAKES 17 REPORTED ...

http://www.king5.com/news/local/Portion-of-Hanford-evacuated-after-employees-get-sick-from-fumes-252337381.html
11 WORKERS SICKENED BY UNKNOWN FUMES FROM UNDERGROUND TANKS,  SOME WITH NOSE BLEEDS OR COUGHING UP BLOOD.
MARCH 25, 2014
“The place is falling apart and they (WRPS) aren't doing anything to fix it,” KING NEWS was told.
Several employees who spoke with the reporter Tuesday were upset that WRPS (Washington River Protection Solutions) has yet to install additional monitoring equipment in the tank farm areas. There is monitoring equipment available that can detect chemical releases but so far, none has been installed.

[PLEASE BE AWARE:The Hanford site represents 2/3rds of the nation's highest-level radioactive waste by volume. Today, Hanford is the most contaminated nuclear site in the United States.
It's also a US Navy nuclear submarine reactor dry storage site,  located at 200 East Area Tank farms Trench 94, a trench containing sealed reactor sections of 114 US Navy submarines (as of 2008. The site now stores reactors for USS Seawolf (SSN-575) and USS Patrick Henry (SSBN-599).
114 reactor sections!
Boggles the mind how much radiation is up there!]

“It’s BS,” said one worker. “We’ve expressed our opinion about it. We’ve said you haven’t taken the time to put in monitors and they say ‘It’s in the works’. Yet they keep sending us out to work. They’re not putting safety first.”

The first two workers to fall ill in the last week breathed in fumes that “tasted like copper” on Wednesday, March 19. The men work for the government contractor Washington River Protection Solutions (WRPS) which is in charge of all 177 underground tanks at the nuclear site. To date, both are still suffering effects of breathing in the vapors: headache, chest pain, difficulty breathing, nose bleeds and sore throats. One employee has coughed up blood.

Sources who work in this area of Hanford tell KING it is unknown exactly what the employees ingested into their lungs, but that this is “extremely unusual” to have symptoms persist this long. 

The next batch of employees to get sick breathed in fumes today, Tuesday, March 25. Four WRPS employees breathed in vapors at 9:00 am and were immediately transported to a medical facility on the Hanford site, known as HPMC, the Hanford Occupational Health Services clinic. After that incident, the tank farm, identified as AY-AZ farm was evacuated, deemed a Vapor Control Zone. Between 20 and 30 people were working there at the time.

Immediately afterward two employees from what’s known as the industrial hygiene department of WRPS, who monitor chemical exposures, were sent out to investigate and they too, had reactions to the fumes and were transported to the onsite medical facility. Those employees allegedly were not wearing protective devices such as respirators.

Sources tell KING 5 that three additional employees got sick from ingesting fumes later on Tuesday. These WRPS employees were working in a different portion of the tank farm complex, known as the S-SX Farm, located about 8 to 10 miles from the AY-AZ farm. That location was also deemed a Vapor Control Zone and was evacuated.  Sources say two were transported to the hospital by ambulance and one was transported to the HPMC.

Hanford’s underground waste tanks are vented to the atmosphere. 

HANFORD HAD SERIOUS LEAKS BACK IN JUNE OF 2013...
The Hanford site produced plutonium that was used to manufacture the bomb that blew up Hiroshima. Now it’s home to a different kind of horror: It’s used to store nuclear waste while a plant is built on site to treat that waste. But the Department of Energy treatment plant project has been plagued by delays, and tanks that were designed to hold the waste temporarily keep falling apart.

A YEAR AGO, MANY WERE ACCUSING THE FEDS OF FOOT-DRAGGING AND IGNORING THIS SITUATION WHILE THE ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION INCREASED...ONE YEAR AGO, AND FOR DECADES BEFORE THAT HANFORD HAS BEEN A TOXIC NIGHTMARE!!!
One could fill a book just discussing the issue of the damage done with the release of radioactive isotopes into the air and water, especially to those people living downwind from the Hanford site, and to the Native Americans who live along the Columbia River and depended on it as a source of food. A mass lawsuit brought by 2,000 people living downwind from Hanford against the federal government has been in the court system for many years.

The Energy Department has been very tight-lipped about the whole issue, as one reporter from OPB News in Hanford wrote on March 11, 2013: “I’d say we haven’t heard from the Department of Energy or Ecology on some very basic questions like: What is the plan? When did they know? When did they first suspect? When did they decide they were going to go public and when did they go public? I think that’s all really important information, and the public is just crying out. We want to know more about what’s in these tanks. I think those are really hard questions to answer. This is radioactive peanut-butter like sludge. It’s crazy, crazy stuff. It’s very hard to work on this."

Read more: http://digitaljournal.com/news/environment/op-ed-hanford-the-most-contaminated-nuclear-waste-site-in-america/article/373845#ixzz2xSoHYnZB

The ASSOCIATED PRESS reports that water samples taken beneath the leaking tank “had an 800,000-count of radioactivity and a high dose rate, which means that workers must reduce their time in the area.”

IT SURE IS NOT THE FIRST TIME HANFORD HAS HAD SERIOUS PROBLEMS! ITS HISTORY OF RADIOACTIVE CONTAMINATION, SOME OF IT QUITE INTENTIONAL IT SEEMS, GOES WAY BACK!
From a February,2013 editorial in the Tacoma News Tribune:
<<Hanford hosts 56 million gallons of hot reactor byproducts in 177 steel-walled underground tanks, some dating to the heyday of Betty Grable. Collectively, they’ve leaked an estimated 1 million gallons of waste into the desert soil, creating radioactive plumes that are gradually headed for the Columbia River.
The Department of Energy put a stop to the big leaks years ago by pumping out liquids from the tanks, leaving crusty, gooey, toxic sludges inside. Water has been penetrating one of these supposedly “stabilized” tanks. The lyrically named T-111 has reportedly resumed leaking at a rate of 150 to 300 gallons a year.
This is a reminder that the nation’s largest concentration of nuclear waste is stored under insanely makeshift conditions. The oldest tanks, including T-111, were engineered to last 20 years. They were built in 1943 and 1944.

THE TANKS WERE MEANT TO LAST JUST 20 YEARS, BUT THEY WERE PUT IN THE GROUND 70 YEARS AGO!!!
70 YEARS, OVER 3 TIMES WHAT THEY WERE DESIGNED TO WITHSTAND, AND THOSE WHO RUN THAT HATEFUL SITE KNOW THIS!!

Even Hanford’s newer, double-walled tanks – built between the late 1960s and early 1980s – are slowly rotting in the ground. One sprang a leak last fall. 

[Underground tank farm with ONLY 12 of the site's 177 waste storage tanks. SEE ARTICLE HERE: http://digitaljournal.com/news/environment/op-ed-hanford-the-most-contaminated-nuclear-waste-site-in-america/article/373845]

The contents of all these rusty buckets had been destined for the infinitely safer repository at Yucca Mountain, Nev., whose design promises to hold public exposure to radiation to a tiny fraction of natural background levels for 1 million years. That project was headed for opening when Reid and an obliging Obama administration cut it out of the budget in 2010.
The chief prospect remaining for the decontamination of Hanford is a $12.3 billion plant that would “vitrify” the tank wastes into big glass cylinders ready for burial.
Work on the vitrification plant has been progressing at roughly the pace of the Tower of Babel. It is supposed to open in 2019, but then what? There’s no place to bury the cylinders.
The Energy Department took a quarter of a century to get Yucca Mountain so close to accepting Hanford’s most deadly waste. Now the whole process is being started from scratch.
The AP reports that Energy Secretary Moniz toured the facility on Wednesday and promised Washington a new plan this summer for tackling difficulties with the waste treatment project. Don’t hold your breath (unless your visiting the site).>>

From a statement by Gov. Jay Inslee:

“Last night I received a call from United States Energy Secretary Moniz informing me that the US Department of Energy discovered what appears to be an elevated contamination level reading in the leak detection pit outside and adjacent to  the Hanford double-shell tank AY-102. This is most disturbing news for Washington. It is not clear yet whether that contamination is coming directly from the outer shell of the AY-102 but it must be treated with the utmost seriousness.  The discovery was made during a routine pumping outside the tank when pumps are also surveyed for radioactivity.
Even before learning of this new development, I told the Secretary I continue to have serious concerns regarding the pace of addressing the leaking tanks. We will be insisting on an acceleration of remediation of all the tanks, not just AY-102. USDOE has a legal obligation to clean up Hanford and remove or treat that waste, and we ensure that legal obligation is fulfilled.”

ALMOST A YEAR LATER....STILL LEAKING!

From TV station KING5:

The [treatment] plant has been delayed for years by continued problems and is not expected to meet a 2019 deadline to be up and running.
So the tank designed to hold the waste until then is now possibly leaking, no longer dependable, and there is no plan we know of for quickly pumping it out to another double walled tank.
That leaves the DOE and its contractors with fewer places to store 56 million gallons of waste and no plant built yet to treat it.

TWO MONTHS LATER, IN AUGUST, 2013, HANFORD HAD MORE SERIOUS LEAKS.
take-cover order.
KEPR TV, Aug 22, 2013: “Stuff goes on out there all the time that we don’t know about, but it’s scary,” said [former Hanford worker Chris] Anderson. [...] A handful of areas were placed in “take-over” condition, where it’s all hands on deck [...] A rep from the Department of Energy doesn’t remember an alert being issued in at least the past seven years. [...] Four employees at the tank farm went to the hospital to be checked for radiation exposure. [...] “As long as this kind of thing is going on, I won’t be living here, we all won’t be living here,” said Anderson.

Worst Hanford tank may be leaking into soil
It appears the most dangerous material on earth is out of its tank and out of their control, and there’s no immediate plan on how to solve the problem.
A crew working on the leak detection pit pulled a piece of equipment from it and measured a whopping contamination reading — 800,000 dpm,or disintegrations per minute.
The KING 5 Investigators, in a multi-part investigation, "Hanford's Dirty Secrets" exposed that the federal government's contractor in charge of all 177 underground storage tanks at the site, Washington River Protection Solutions (WRPS), failed to investigate scientific evidence of the leak for nearly a year before conducting a thorough inspection in August 2012. Despite signs of the leak and advice from veteran employees that the tank was compromised and leaking nuclear by-products in 2011, WRPS and the DOE made the leak public in October 2012. In addition, KING 5 revealed WRPS wasted millions of tax dollars on the tank during the months signs of the leak were discounted by managers. Instead of confronting evidence that the tank was broken, WRPS forged ahead with engineering, design, and equipment procurement work to upgrade the tank to eventually be a waste feed delivery source to the site's Waste Treatment Plant. Now that work is useless because of the tank's condition.
BUT THIS FAILURE GOES MUCH FARTHER BACK...
From 1944 to 1971, pump systems drew cooling water from the river and, after treating this water for use by the reactors, returned it to the river. Before being released back into the river, the used water was held in large tanks known as retention basins for up to six hours. Longer-lived isotopes were not affected by this retention, and several terabecquerels entered the river every day. These releases were kept secret by the federal government.
Radiation was later measured downstream as far west as the Washington and Oregon coasts.
The plutonium separation process also resulted in the release of radioactive isotopes into the air, which were carried by the wind throughout southeastern Washington and into parts of Idaho, Montana, Oregon, and British Columbia. Downwinders were exposed to radionuclides, particularly iodine-131, with the heaviest releases during the period from 1945 to 1951. These radionuclides filtered into the food chain via contaminated fields where dairy cows grazed; hazardous fallout was ingested by communities who consumed the radioactive food and drank the milk. Most of these airborne releases were a part of Hanford's routine operations, while a few of the larger releases occurred in isolated incidents.

THE TEA ROOM PUBLISHED A BLOG IN JUNE OF 2013 TITLED "AMERICA'S 'MEGA-FUKUSHIMA' LEAKING AGAIN. MANHATTAN PROJECT WASTE SITE" 
53 MILLION GALLONS OF NUCLEAR WASTE, STORAGE TANKS 50 YEARS PAST THEIR EXPIRATION, SHODDY STORAGE MATERIAL, DRY DOCK FOR 114 SPENT NUCLEAR SUBMARINE REACTORS, AND OVER 200 SQUARE MILES OF CONTAMINATED GROUNDWATER!
WELCOME TO THE HANFORD, WASHINGTON NUCLEAR WASTE SITE!

The Hanford Site occupies 586 square miles (1,518 km2) in Benton County, Washington (Coordinates: 46°38′51″N 119°35′55″W), roughly equivalent to half of the total area of Rhode Island. This land is currently uninhabited and is closed to the general public. It is a desert environment receiving under 10 inches of annual precipitation, covered mostly by shrub-steppe vegetation. The Columbia River flows along the site for approximately 50 miles (80 km), forming its northern and eastern boundary. The original site was 670 square miles (1,740 km2) and included buffer areas across the river in Grant and Franklin counties.
Most of the reactors were shut down between 1964 and 1971, with an average individual life span of 22 years. The last reactor, N Reactor, continued to operate as a dual-purpose reactor, being both a power reactor used to feed the civilian electrical grid via the Washington Public Power Supply System (WPPSS) and a plutonium production reactor for nuclear weapons. N Reactor operated until 1987. Since then, most of the Hanford reactors have been entombed ("cocooned") to allow the radioactive materials to decay, and the surrounding structures have been removed and buried. The B-Reactor has not been cocooned.
The United States Department of Energy assumed control of the Hanford Site in 1977.

In 1949, an INTENTIONAL release known as the "Green Run" released 8,000 curies of iodine-131 over two days. Another source of contaminated food came from Columbia River fish, an impact felt disproportionately by Native American communities who depended on the river for their customary diets. A U.S. government report released in 1992 estimated that 685,000 curies of radioactive iodine-131 had been released into the river and air from the Hanford site IN JUST 3 YEARS, between 1944 and 1947.

The Washington State Department of Health collaborated with the citizen-led Hanford Health Information Network (HHIN) to publicize data about the health effects of Hanford's operations. HHIN reports concluded that residents who lived downwind from Hanford or who used the Columbia River downstream were exposed to elevated doses of radiation that placed them at increased risk for various cancers and other diseases. A mass tort lawsuit brought by two thousand Hanford downwinders against the federal government has been in the court system for many years.
 The first six plaintiffs went to trial in 2005.

On February 15, 2013, Governor Jay Inslee announced a tank storing radioactive waste at the site is leaking liquids on average of 150 to 300 gallons per year. On February 22, 2013, the Governor stated that "6 more tanks at Hanford site" than previously thought were "leaking radioactive waste"
ONLY 7 LEAKY TANKS? REALLY? EVEN WHEN HE SAID IT WAS "JUST ONE", NO RISK?
NO RISK?
WOULD INSLEE LET HIS FAMILY LIVE NEAR THAT THING?

As of 2013, there are 177 tanks at Hanford (149 having a single shell). Older single shell tanks were initially used for storing radioactive liquid waste. The tanks were designed to last 20 years.
ONE TANK contains an estimated 447,000 gallons of radioactive sludge!
149 TANKS THAT WE KNOW ABOUT, ALL STORED IN INEFFICIENT MATERIAL KNOWN TO DETERIORATE IN JUST 20 YEARS...
TIME'S UP ON THOSE!
TIME IS UP FOR HANFORD, PERIOD!

ACTUALLY, TIME WAS UP ON HANFORD DECADES AGO, BUT WHO CARES HOW MANY HAVE BEEN EXPOSED TO CANCER-CAUSING RADIATION WHEN THE FEDS SAVED BILLIONS ON MAKING IT RIGHT?
JUST DON'T SPEND THE MONEY TO FIX IT, JUST DON'T STOP THE LEAKS.
WHAT'S A FEW THOUSAND HUMAN LIVES AND A HUGE AREA CONTAMINATED FOREVER BY RADIATION?
SO WHAT IF THE COLUMBIA RIVER AND EVERYTHING NEAR IT IS POLLUTED BY NUCLEAR WASTE?
WHO CARES?
WHO CARES?
WHO...WHO...CARES?

THE FEDERAL RESERVE 2014 STOCK MARKET CRASH

THE ABOVE CHART IS NOT WHAT "LEARNBONDS.COM" CALLS JEFFREY GUNDLACH'S "MOST INTERESTING CHART", BUT IT SERVES TO SHOW ANYONE WITH EYES THAT THE FED HAS DONE ALRIGHT FOR ITSELF AFTER ALL THOSE BAILOUTS, AFTER THAT LAST LITTLE MARKET CRASH!
ECONOMIC CATASTROPHES PAY...THE FED!

BUT, AS THE CHART BELOW SHOWS, WE ARE RIDING THE SAME RAIL THAT LED TO THE BIG CRASH OF 1928-1929, WHICH GAVE US THE "GREAT DEPRESSION".


THAT IS UNCANNY, IS IT NOT?

SINCE BEFORE THE BAILOUTS WERE ALL COMPLETE, SINCE PERHAPS 2009, SOME ECONOMIC WIZARDS HAVE BEEN SAYING THE STOCK MARKET IS DUE AND EVEN PAST-DUE FOR ANOTHER SERIOUS CRASH.
<<At this point, it's quite possible that the high-water mark has been reached and that the tide may be turning. >>

NOT MANY HAVE AGREED, NOT AFTER 5 YEARS OF HEARING THE FAINT WARNINGS, BUT LATELY, SINCE PERHAPS SPRING OF 2013, A FEW "BIG NAMES" HAVE JOINED THE OLD SEERS IN STATING THAT THE MARKET JUST CAN'T GO ON AS IT HAS, AND MORE THAN A FEW ARE BLAMING THE FED, MUCH AS SOME IN CONGRESS AND IN THE FINANCIAL WORLD BLAMED THE FED FOR THE CRASH THAT BEGAN THE GREAT DEPRESSION.

<<A recent article by Paul B. Farrell of MarketWatch said that there is a 98% risk of a stock market crash before the end of 2014.
One key reason Farrell expects a crash?
Federal Reserve policies>>

JUST LIKE THE 1930s CRASH...THE SAME SET-UP.

OR, PERHAPS IT LOOKS MORE LIKE PRE-1987 CRASH?

TIME MAGAZINE WROTE, Oct. 22, 2012:
<< the crisis of 1987 was coincidental with Alan Greenspan taking over the Federal Reserve — and Greenspan’s attitude towards crisis management and regulation greatly influenced the 2008 panic.
I spoke with Charles Geisst, a professor of finance at Manhattan College and author of Wall St: A History, to discuss what the 1987 crash says about the stock market today. It’s impossible to pin down for certain the cause of the ’87 market crash, but the most important ingredient was an overvalued stock market.
  The years leading up to the crash had seen incredible gains in the market. >>

WHETHER IN `929 OR 1987, MANY PEOPLE DID BLAME, AND STILL BLAME, THE FEDERAL RESERVE.

WHY WOULD THE FED DO IDIOTIC THINGS TO BRING ABOUT ANOTHER ECONOMIC CATASTROPHE?

WHY WOULD THE FEDERAL RESERVE PUSH AMERICA OVER ANOTHER FISCAL CLIFF?

WELL, ISN'T "QUANTITATIVE EASING" JUST A WAY THE FED USES TO INFLATE THE S&P 500?

DOESN'T THE FED ALWAYS MANIPULATE THE MARKET? 

DOESN'T THE FED FIX GOLD PRICES?

DON'T THE CENTRAL BANKS IN EVERY NATION CONTROL THINGS?

ISN'T OUR FED UP TO NO-GOOD ON A DAILY BASIS?
SOME FAIRLY "BIG NAMES" THINK SO!

DARE WE SUGGEST THAT THE FED HAS A HELLUVA LOT OF "INSIDER INFORMATION" ABOUT WHAT MAY GO ON ON WALL STREET?

I READ SEVERAL "RUMORS" THAT OLD GEORGE SOROS HAS BEGUN BETTING AGAINST THE MARKET!

HUFFINGTON POST REPORTED:
George Soros Bet $1.3 Billion The Stock Market Will Fall

<<02/21/2014
Soros definitely jacked up the bet going into the end of the year, to $1.3 billion from $470 million in the third quarter. And just last month he warned about risks to the global economy, mainly from China.

Soros Fund Management had $1.3 billion worth of options at the end of 2013 that pay off if the Standard & Poor's 500-stock index falls, the Bullion Baron blog reported last week, citing the fund's latest regulatory filing. It was Soros' biggest position, making up 11 percent of his fund's holdings.>>

<<22 February 2014 IN A BRITISH NEWSRAG
George Soros is now betting against a rising Dow, and the rush of private equity flotations has an end-of-the-party feel>>

THAT ARTICLE GOES ON TO SAY...
<<the best way to deal with these bubbles is to revive the real economy; after all, "bubble" is a relative concept and even a very high price can be justified if it is based on a strong economy. This will require a more sustainable increase in consumption based on rising wages rather than debts, greater productive investments that will expand the economy's ability to produce, and the introduction of financial regulation that will make banks lend more to productive enterprises than to consumers.
Unfortunately, these are exactly the things that the current policymakers in the US and the UK don't want to do.
We are heading for trouble.>>

ASK YOURSELF, WHY HAVEN'T THE "POLICYMAKERS" TAKEN SUCH STEPS, AND WHY ARE THE 'PUBLICANS SO DISTRAUGHT EVERY TIME WE SEE ANY RAY OF HOPE FOR THE U.S. ECONOMY?

I THINK WE MIGHT JUST SEE BOEHNER COMMIT SUICIDE IF THE OBAMA ADMINISTRATION DOES NOT SEE A MAJOR STOCK MARKET CRASH! 

WHO LOVES WALL STREET MORE, THE FED OR REPUBLICAN CONGRESSMEN?

WHO HATES OBAMA MORE OF THOSE TWO?

WHO WOULD LOVE TO SEE A CRASH AND A RUIN GREATER THAN BUSH OR REAGAN MANAGED TO PULL OFF IN 1987 AND 2001-2009?

THE FED'S "POLICY" HAS CAUSED THE MEGA-COMPANY CEO TO CARE ONLY ABOUT WHAT HIS STOCK IS SELLING FOR.

THE BIGGEST BUSINESSES ARE SIMPLY NOT HIRING, NOT EXPANDING THEIR BUSINESSES, AND HAVE REALIZED THEY CAN GOUGE GREATER PRODUCTION OUT OF FEWER EMPLOYEES AND STILL KEEP THEIR PRODUCT PRICES HIGH, HIGHER, HIGHER.

AMERICANS, AS THEY KNOW, WILL PAY HIGH PRICES RATHER THAN DO WITHOUT!

THE FED DOESN'T GIVE A TINKER'S EARTHEN DAM ABOUT UNEMPLOYMENT RATES.
IT IS NOT IN THE BUSINESS OF HELPING "AVERAGE JOE" BUT IS ALL ABOUT CATERING TO THE SUPER-RICH, THOSE WHO WILL, LIKE SOROS, HEDGE THEIR BETS AND WALK AWAY WINNERS AFTER THE NEXT CRASH.

WE SAW MANY FORTUNES MADE DURING THE 'GREAT DEPRESSION' AND WE ALSO SAW WHO CAME OUT 'SMELLING LIKE A ROSE' AFTER BOTH 1987 AND THE MESS OF THE BUSH ADMINISTRATION'S FIASCO UP TO THE FIRST MONTHS OF 2009.

THE FED, THE BIG BOYS WHO RUN THE FED, SIMPLY NEED A CRASH TO TRANSFUSE THEIR BUSINESSES A BIT MORE.

THEY NEED FOR MORE AMERICANS TO DROP OUT OF THE JOB MARKET FOR A BIT SO THE PROFITS CAN SKYROCKET.

THEY NEED TO LOAN MORE, MORE, MORE BIG MONEY TO OUT-OF-COUNTRY BORROWERS WHO MIGHT NOT NEED SO MANY LOANS IF BUSINESS WAS GOOD WHEREVER THEY ARE.

ONE WEBSITE'S ARTICLE MADE THIS STATEMENT:

<< the Fed has been proven unable to stop significant stock-market declines.>>

UNABLE, OR UNWILLING?

EITHER WAY, WHO WANTS TO BELIEVE THAT THE FED CAN FAIL TO "SAVE AMERICA"?

THOSE WHO OWN AMERICA ... THEY ARE COUNTING ON A NO-SAVE.
THOSE WHO ARE UNSINKABLE, THOSE WHO KNOW A STORM IS COMING BEFORE THE REST OF US SEE A SINGLE CLOUD ON THE HORIZON.

JEREMY GRANTHAM, MARK SPITZNAGEL, 'UNIVERSA INVESTMENTS' NASSIM TALEB,  JEFFREY GUNDLACH AND A GROWING LIST OF "GURUS" ARE THINKING MAJOR CRASH...AS IS WARREN BUFFET. 

May 24, 2013:
Doomsday investors betting on market crash

Stocks have had a stellar year so far. In fact, the rally has gotten so heated that some investors are making bets on a big crash.

Universa Investments, which spends hundreds of millions of dollars a year buying crash protection, has attracted a record amount of money into its fund this quarter.

"People are starting to recognize that these market moves are unnatural and distorted," said Universa president and chief investment officer Mark Spitznagel, who declined to say how much is spent on crash protection, citing SEC rules.

Spitznagel says he's pretty confident that the market will crash, or fall by more than 20%, in the next six months -- a year max.

 "There are plenty of crazy things Bernanke can do," he said, referring to the Fed chairman. "But it will end badly." 

The Federal Reserve, with its massive bond buying program, is seeing its actions become less effective, said Spitznagel. The Fed, he says, can continue to forestall a crash but only for so long. 

Universa's view that a crash is coming is not widely held, making crash protection cheap, he said. Universa buys this protection in the form of options that generate huge returns when the stock market falls by more than 20%.
Universa's adviser, economist and former derivative trader Nassim Taleb calls it 'black swan' hedging.>>

Warren Buffett, billionaire investor who predicted the derivatives based 2008 financial crash way back in 2004, is also said to be preparing the 2014 crash.


The “Warren Buffett Indicator,” also known as the “Total-Market-Cap to GDP Ratio,” is pointing to an imminent and devastating crash

“We are in a gigantic financial asset bubble,” warns Swiss adviser and fund manager Marc Faber. “It could burst any day.”

John P. Hussman Warns S&P 500 Over-Valuation Now Higher Than Housing In 2006http://www.hussmanfunds.com/wmc/wmc140310.htm

<<To believe that the housing bubble caused the 2008 crash was is to ignore its origin in Federal Reserve policies that forced investors to reach for yield. 

Tragically, the Federal Reserve has done the same thing again – starving investors of safe returns, and promoting a reach for yield into increasingly elevated and speculative assets.
Thinking about the crisis only from the perspective of housing, investors and policy-makers have allowed the same process to play out more broadly in the equity market.

On a quantitative basis, the overvaluation of the equity market is greater percentage-wise, and greater dollar-wise, than the overvaluation of housing in 2006-2007.>>

[LET'S PAUSE HERE AND PONDER THIS:

THE FEDERAL RESERVE HAS MANAGED TO GET THE TREASURY TO PRINT SO MUCH MONEY AND HAS SO FLOODED THE GLOBE WITH USDs THAT IT SHOULD BE CRIMINAL TO PRINT ONE DOLLAR MORE, BUT NOW, "ALL OF A SUDDEN", THE FED IS BACKING OFF "QE", IS WILLING TO SEE INTEREST RATES CLIMB, AND HAS THUMBED ITS NOSE AT UNEMPLOYMENT RATES AND CONCENTRATED INSTEAD ON LOANING AMERICAN DOLLARS TO FOREIGN COMPANIES/BANKS...SO, IF WE ADD 1+1+1, WON'T WE GET THE ANSWER OF 3?

THE FED IS VERY POINTEDLY, DELIBERATELY TAKING A PATH IT KNOWS WILL LEAD TO A MARKET CRASH.  

HASN'T THE FEDERAL RESERVE, HISTORICALLY, BEEN THAT "BLACK SWAN"?

Jan. 23, 2014
http://www.marketwatch.com/story/how-about-a-50-crash-2014-01-23

<<How about a 50% crash?
Bond guru Jeffrey Gundlach gave a webcast presentation on Jan. 14, which raised more than a few eyebrows.
Gundlach explained that as the Federal Reserve proceeds to taper its monthly bond purchases, stock market volatility will escalate.
He considered the record-high margin-debt levels on the New York Stock Exchange as a signal of a stock market "top."

Gundlach's presentation included a handy chart depicting the effects of the various quantitative-easing programs on the stock market, from March 18, 2009, through Jan. 6, 2014. The chart makes it very clear that the stock market's advance during the past five years has been fueled by the Fed's liquidity pump. As the pump gets throttled back, what can we expect to happen?

Using Robert Shiller's Cyclically Adjusted Price/Earnings (CAPE) formula, the CAPE ratio comes to 25.4. As a result, it the stock market "corrects" to the point where Robert Shiller's CAPE ratio declines to where it was in the late 1980s, (approximately 12.5) the S&P 500 would have to drop 50% from its current level to 919.

Even if a less-extreme correction were to occur, wherein the trailing 12-month price-to-earnings multiple would fall from the current P/E multiple of 17.3 back to the 12.8 observed in 2012, the S&P 500 index would sink 35% to 1,195. 

There are quite a number of S&P 500 stocks with trailing 12-month price/earnings ratios in excess of 20. What will happen to the S&P 500 if/when those shareholders start running for the exits?

The triggering event for such a sell-off would most likely be somehow associated with the Federal Reserve.

Inability to control interest rates or a misstep in the taper could trigger extreme volatility. Just a simple loss of confidence in the Fed and/or its new Chair could be a catalyst for the first significant decline in years.

Complacency is at extreme levels, based largely on confidence in the Federal Reserve being able to stave off any and all evil forces in global financial markets. However, during previous periods of confidence and extreme bullishness, the Fed has been proven unable to stop significant stock-market declines. >>

<<Aug. 22, 2013
I sat down this week with one of the most experienced bond market gurus I know. When I asked him for his advice, he first suggested — only half jokingly — “panic.”

At the start of May, the U.S. government could borrow money for 10 years at 1.6% interest. 
Today, barely four months later, it has to pay 2.88%.  

At the start of May, someone buying a new home with a $200,000 mortgage was locking in monthly interest costs of $566.
Today, thanks to the surge in mortgage rates, someone making the exact same purchase will have to pay $766 a month in interest.

Mortgage costs are up about a third in a short period, from 3.4% to more than 4.4%. Uncle Sam’s cost of 10-year money has rocketed by 80%. 

Traders continue to focus on the minutiae of Federal Reserve minutes and the timing of the Fed’s likely moves in the bond market.

Ordinary investors should focus on the bigger picture.

The Fed has announced that the era of quantitative easing, and aggressive manipulation of long-term interest rates, is coming to an end. 

People forget that the infamous 1987 stock market crash followed a surge in bond rates.

In the months leading up to the October crash, the interest rate on 10-year Treasurys jumped about 45%, compared with the 80% hike we’ve just seen. 

I asked my bond market guru over lunch what the risks were that the latest surge in interest rates could precipitate an ’87-style crash.
“Quite significant,” he said.

THE FED IS KILLING RECOVERY!
http://finance.fortune.cnn.com/2014/03/24/jeremy-grantham-federal-reserve/?iid=s_mpm

    March 24, 2014
<<The money manager argues that the Fed's interventions have ruined the very recovery it was supposed to stimulate and that the market is poised to disappoint investors.
A few weeks ago, Jeremy Grantham, the co-founder of money management firm GMO, called newly appointed Federal Reserve chairman Janet Yellen "ignorant" in the New York Times. 
He also said the reason for the slow recovery was not the severe financial crisis, continued high unemployment, or the many standoffs in Washington. 

Instead, he blamed the Fed for ruining the recovery it was supposed to stimulate. To someone who believes in the laws of economics, it's hard to overstate how odd that claim is. 
It's positively bonkers.

Low interest rates stimulate the economy. The Fed has done everything in its power to keep interest rates down, lower and longer than anyone can remember. That should have helped the economy. 
And yet the recovery has been just meh. 
So, either Grantham is bonkers, or he is onto something. Fortune recently caught up with him to find out.

Fortune: You believe the Fed's policies, particularly quantitative easing, have slowed the recovery. What's your proof?

Grantham: It's quite likely that the recovery has been slowed down because of the Fed's actions. 
Of course, we're dealing with anecdotal evidence here because there is no control. 

But go back to the 1980s and the U.S. had an aggregate debt level of about 1.3 times GDP. Then we had a massive spike over the next two decades to about 3.3 times debt. And GDP over that time period has been slowed. 

There isn't any room in that data for the belief that more debt creates growth.

Fortune: Okay, but that's still not proof that quantitative easing slowed the recovery.

Grantham: There's no proof on the other side, that the economy is any stronger from quantitative easing. 
There's some indication that the crash would have been worse and the downturn would have been sharper had the Fed not stepped in, but by now the depths of that recession would have been forgotten, the system would have been healthier, and we would have regained our growth.

Fortune: But the Fed does seem to have boosted stocks. Even if it did nothing else, doesn't a better market help the economy?

Grantham: Yes, I agree that the Fed can manipulate stock prices. 

That's perhaps the only thing they can do. 
But why would you want to get an advantage from the wealth effect when you know you are going to have to give it all back when the Fed reverses course. 
At the same time, the Fed encourages steady increasing leverage and more asset bubbles.
 It's clear to most investing professionals that they can benefit from an asymmetric bet here. The Fed gives them very cheap leverage on the upside, and then bails them out on the downside. And you should have more confidence of that now. 

The only ones who have really benefited from QE are hedge fund managers.

Fortune: Okay, but then I guess that means you think stocks are going higher? 
I thought I had read your prediction that the market would disappoint investors.

Grantham: We do think the market is going to go higher because the Fed hasn't ended its game, and it won't stop playing until we are in old-fashioned bubble territory and it bursts, which usually happens at two standard deviations from the market's mean. That would take us to 2,350 on the S&P 500, or roughly 25% from where we are now.

Fortune: So are you putting your client's money into the market?

Grantham: No...We invest our clients' money based on our seven-year prediction. And over the next seven years, we think the market will have negative returns. 

The next bust will be unlike any other, because the Fed and other centrals banks around the world have taken on all this leverage that was out there and put it on their balance sheets. 

We have never had this before. 
Assets are overpriced generally. They will be cheap again. 
That's how we will pay for this. 
It's going to be very painful for investors.

WELL, NOT FOR ALL INVESTORS, NOT FOR THE FEDERAL RESERVE, NOT FOR THOSE, LIKE SOROS, WHO KNOW THE "SCORE" AND CAN DANCE TO THE TUNE THAT IS PIPED TO THE FED, PIPED BY THE FED, PIPED BY THE ONES WHO CONTROL THE FED AND THE MARKET.

IF THE MARKET IS NOT SENT INTO A NOSE-DIVE BEFORE OBAMA LEAVES OFFICE, I WILL EAT THIS COMPUTER...AND IT IS NOT A WEE LAPTOP!
THE "OLD MONEY", THE ULTRA-BIG BOYS WHO CALL THE SHOTS FOR AMERICA, INC. WILL CRASH THE MARKET, SOON OR A BIT LONGER THAN IMMEDIATELY.

WITHOUT A MAJOR WAR SOMEWHERE TO PUT MEGA-BUCKS IN THEIR FAMILY COFFERS, WITHOUT SOME AMAZING "NATURAL DISASTER" ON A GLOBAL SCALE, ANOTHER MARKET CRASH HAS TO BE THE SOLUTION FOR A DIP IN PROFITS.

AND, BESIDES PROFITS, WHAT ELSE COULD THE "POWERS THAT BE" USE TO STRIKE FEAR INTO THE HEARTS OF THE POPULACE?
WE'RE ALL A BIT BURNED-OUT ON THAT TERRORISTS LIE.
WE DON'T FALL FOR THAT CRAP SO MUCH ANYMORE....DO WE?

SO LET'S HAVE "FINANCIAL RUIN" INSTEAD...
THAT SHOULD KEEP THE SERF CLASS DOWN!

WHO PROSPERED FROM THE GREAT DEPRESSION?

WHO PROSPREED DURING OUR GREAT DEPRESSION? 

SAME OLD FAMILIES, BARELY A SWITCH OR A SWAP SINCE AMERICA'S FOUNDING.

WITH ROOTS IN EUROPE, THE OLD "MONEY TREE" HAS SPREAD ITS BRANCHES TO AMERICA AND ALL ACROSS THE GLOBE.

THEY KNOW HOW TO WEATHER ANY FINANCIAL STORM BECAUSE THEY ARE IN THE BUSINESS OF CREATING FINANCIAL STORMS...ECONOMIC CATASTROPHES, DEPRESSIONS, MARKET FAILURES, THE RUIN OF COMPANIES, THE THEFT OF ENTIRE NATIONS' NATURAL RESOURCES, AND THE TAKEOVER OF THE ELECTED OFFICIALS (i.e. GOVERNMENTS) OF OUR NATION AND THOSE OF OTHER COUNTRIES.

THEY ARE THE PUPPET-MASTERS, AND THEY PULL ALL THE STRINGS.
MONEY IS POWER, THE WORLD OVER.
ACCEPT IT, OR DON'T.

THIS IS LIFE IN "AMERICA, INCORPORATED".

The Surprising Benefits of the Great Depression
http://www.bloombergview.com/articles/2012-07-13/the-surprising-benefits-of-the-great-depression

Jul 13, 2012
"Surveys conducted by the National Research Council show RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT employment increasing to 10,918 workers in 1933, from 6,274 in 1927 -- despite four of the worst years of the Depression.

In 1940, after seven years of double-digit unemployment, that number stood at 27,777. Data on spending and on the number of labs established paint a similar picture, indicative of the wide range of technological opportunities ripe for exploitation at the time.

The second development was the government-funded construction of the surface road network.

The U.S. produced more than 4 million passenger vehicles in 1929, a level of production not reached again for 20 years. The growth of vehicle registrations outran the capabilities of the infrastructure.

A strong political coalition pressed for better roads 
The country then started building or improving streets, highways, bridges and tunnels.

Just looking at the data for such expenditures, it’s hard to tell the country had a depression.
(There were moderate declines in spending, relative to the late 1920s, in 1933, 1934 and 1935.)
By 1941, the U.S. route system was complete, and, because of its growth, productivity in transportation as well as wholesale and retail distribution had risen dramatically.

Finally, some businesses, notably the railroads, underwent significant rationalization and standardization during the Great Depression.

Developing uniform procedures and tariffs governing interline transactions allowed huge efficiency gains in the 1930s. The number of employees, locomotives, freight cars and passenger cars each dropped by between a quarter and a third from 1929 to 1941.
Yet revenue freight ton-miles in 1941 were slightly higher than in 1929, and passenger miles were almost as high. These ratios translated into significant productivity gains.

The effect of these three developments?
Real output in 1941 was 33 percent to 40 percent higher than it had been in 1929 (depending on what output measures are used).
Yet private-sector labor hours and physical capital inputs had hardly grown.

All of the increases in output can be attributed to what we call total productivity growth, a measure of technological and organizational progress in this truly extraordinary period."

Both anecdotal and empirical evidence support the case that
advertising was the main factor in the growth or downfall of companies
during those years. 

To put it bluntly, the companies whichdemonstrated the most growth
and which rang up the most sales were those which advertised heavily.
 The Great Depression offers classicexamples of the power of brand
advertising even during times of economic crisis.

[CONTROL THE MEDIA, CONTROL THE MINDS!]

AND SOME OF THE BIG WINNERS BY ADVERTISING WERE...
 
~Proctor and Gamble - This is a company which has a philosophy of not
reducing advertising budgets during times of recession and they
certainly did not make any such reduction during the Depression.  P&G
has made progress in every one of the major recessions and that is no
accident.  When their competitors were swinging the budget axe, P&G
actually increased their spending.  While the Depression caused
problems for many, P&G came out of it unscathed.  Radio took P&G's
message into more homes than ever.

~Chevrolet - During the 1920s, Fords were outselling Chevrolets by 10
to 1.  In spite of the Depression, Chevrolet continued to expand its
advertising budget and by 1931, the "Chevy 6" took the lead in its
field and remained there for the next five years.

~Camel Cigarettes - in 1920 Camel was the top selling tobacco product.
American Tobacco Company then struck back with the Lucky Strike brand
and by 1929 Lucky had overtaken Camel as the number one brand.  Two
years later in the heart of the Depression, Chesterfield also overtook
Camel.  Camel countered with a massive increase in advertising
spending and by doing so demonstrated the power of advertising during
depressed times.  By 1935, it was back on top.

Now, these examples count as anecdotal.  But in addition to these
examples, studies have demonstrated that during times of recession,
companies that maintain advertising during these periods experience
higher sales and profits during the downturns and afterward than
companies who cut their advertising budgets.

It was also the very nature of this advertising that spurred the
growth of two other industries during the Depression.  The first of
which was radio broadcasting.

THE TOP 15

WHAT OTHER BUSINESSES PROSPERED DURING THE GREAT DEPRESSION?
I FOUND WHAT IS ASSUMED TO BE THE TOP 15.

1- MOVIE MAKERS AND THEATERS, BELIEVE IT OR NOT.
HOLLYWOOD SAW THAT AMERICA NEEDED AN ESCAPE FROM REALITY AND PROVIDED IT IN THE FORM OF MOVIES.
DOESN'T THAT CONTINUE TODAY?

2- THE COMPANIES THAT PROVIDED ELECTRICITY.
THIS ALSO PROVIDED A BOOMING BUSINESS FOR MANUFACTURERS OF PRODUCTS THAT GAVE AMERICAN HOMES ELECTRICITY....MANUFACTURERS OF ELECTRICAL CABLES, SWITCHES, BULBS, ETC.

3- THE AIRLINES COMPANIES, ANOTHER "BELIEVE-IT-OR-NOT".
THE RICH WANTED TO GET AWAY FROM IT ALL.
MANUFACTURERS WANTED TO GET PRODUCTS ACROSS THE COUNTRY FASTER.
EVEN THE WAY WE COMMUNICATED MORE QUICKLY WAS LINKED TO AIRLINES.

4- CONSTRUCTION...THANKS TO GOVERNMENT PROGRAMS AND THOSE "NEW DEAL" LOW INTEREST RATES.

5- MUNITIONS MANUFACTURERS. EUROPE AND THE U.S. HAD TO RE-ARM .

6- MINING COMPANIES, ESPECIALLY THOSE WHO MINED FOR GOLD.

7- MANY GROCERY CHAINS/STORES LAUNCHED AND FLOURISHED IN THE GREAT DEPRESSION. PEOPLE STILL NEEDED TO EAT.
COMPANIES THAT SUPPLIED GROCERY STORES ALSO THRIVED.
OCEAN SPRAY CRANBERRY COMPANY CAME OUT OF THE DEPRESSION.

8- THE YELLOW PAGES AND OTHER ADVERTISING FIRMS!
ADVERTISING PAID THOSE WHO COULD AFFORD IT.

9-  THE PHONE COMPANIES.
STANDS TO REASON AS AMERICA NEEDED TO FIND OUT WHAT WAS GOING ON AS QUICKLY AS POSSIBLE.

10- CHEMICAL COMPANIES, ESPECIALLY PETROCHEMICALS COMPANIES.

11- CANNING COMPANIES. TIN CANS REPLACED HOME CANNING.

12- THE IRON AND STEEL INDUSTRIES. EUROPE AND AMERICA WERE ON A BUILDING FRENZY.

13- MANUFACTURERS OF ENGINES AND ENGINE PARTS. THE WORLD WAS IN HIGH GEAR FOR INDUSTRIALIZATION.

14- TOBACCO COMPANIES. IT WAS "COOL" TO SMOKE BACK THEN BUT TOBACCO FARMERS WERE SOME OF THE HARDEST HIT. THEY HAD TO SELL CHEAPLY.

15- OIL COMPANIES, BOTH FOR HOMES (HEATING/COOKING) AND FOR THE TRANSPORTATION INDUSTRY. PEOPLE WERE GOING PLACES AND NEEDED GASOLINE AND OIL.

LET'S LOOK AT A FEW NAMES THAT CONTROLLED THESE INDUSTRIES:

CARNEGIE.  

DUPONT.  

FORD.
 
MORGAN.
 
VANDERBILT.
 
ROTHSCHILD.
 
ROCKEFELLER.
 
WESTINGHOUSE.
 
GETTY.
 
ASTOR.  

OLD NAMES, FAMILIAR NAMES.

AND TODAY?
WHO CONTROLS THE FINANCIAL WORLD TODAY?
EIGHT FAMILIES...JUST 8. 

They are:
~the Goldman Sachs, 

~Rockefellers, 

~Lehmans and
 
~Kuhn Loebs,

~ the Rothschilds of Paris and London;

~the Warburgs of Hamburg;
 
~the Lazards of Paris; 

~and the Israel Moses Seifs of Rome.


The Federal Reserve Cartel: The Eight Families 

http://www.globalresearch.ca/the-federal-reserve-cartel-the-eight-families/25080

<<According to company 10K filings to the SEC, the Four Horsemen of Banking are among the top ten stock holders of virtually every Fortune 500 corporation.

So who then are the stockholders in these money center banks?

This information is guarded much more closely.

My queries to bank regulatory agencies regarding stock ownership in the top 25 US bank holding companies were given Freedom of Information Act status, before being denied on “national security” grounds. This is rather ironic, since many of the bank’s stockholders reside in Europe.

One important repository for the wealth of the global oligarchy that owns these bank holding companies is US Trust Corporation – founded in 1853 and now owned by Bank of America. A recent US Trust Corporate Director and Honorary Trustee was Walter Rothschild. Other directors included Daniel Davison of JP Morgan Chase, Richard Tucker of Exxon Mobil, Daniel Roberts of Citigroup and Marshall Schwartz of Morgan Stanley.

J. W. McCallister, an oil industry insider with House of Saud connections, wrote in The Grim Reaper that information he acquired from Saudi bankers cited 80% ownership of the New York Federal Reserve Bank- by far the most powerful Fed branch- by just eight families, four of which reside in the US.

SAME 8 NAMES!!!

They are the Goldman Sachs, Rockefellers, Lehmans and Kuhn Loebs of New York; the Rothschilds of Paris and London; the Warburgs of Hamburg; the Lazards of Paris; and the Israel Moses Seifs of Rome.

CPA Thomas D. Schauf corroborates McCallister’s claims, adding that ten banks control all twelve Federal Reserve Bank branches.

He names N.M. Rothschild of London, Rothschild Bank of Berlin, Warburg Bank of Hamburg, Warburg Bank of Amsterdam, Lehman Brothers of New York, Lazard Brothers of Paris, Kuhn Loeb Bank of New York, Israel Moses Seif Bank of Italy, Goldman Sachs of New York and JP Morgan Chase Bank of New York.

Schauf lists William Rockefeller, Paul Warburg, Jacob Schiff and James Stillman as individuals who own large shares of the Fed. [3] The Schiffs are insiders at Kuhn Loeb. The Stillmans are Citigroup insiders, who married into the Rockefeller clan at the turn of the century.

Eustace Mullins came to the same conclusions in his book "The Secrets of the Federal Reserve", in which he displays charts connecting the Fed and its member banks to the families of Rothschild, Warburg, Rockefeller and the others.  

The control that these banking families exert over the global economy cannot be overstated and is quite intentionally shrouded in secrecy.

Their corporate media arm is quick to discredit any information exposing this private central banking cartel as “conspiracy theory”.
Yet the facts remain.

The Federal Reserve Bank was born in 1913, the same year U.S. banking scion J. Pierpont Morgan died and the Rockefeller Foundation was formed.
The House of Morgan presided over American finance from the corner of Wall Street and Broad, acting as quasi-US central bank since 1838, when George Peabody founded it in London.

Peabody was a business associate of the Rothschilds.

In 1952 Fed researcher Eustace Mullins put forth the supposition that the Morgans were nothing more than Rothschild agents. Mullins wrote that the Rothschilds, “…preferred to operate anonymously in the US behind the facade of J.P. Morgan & Company”.

The House of Morgan catered to the Astors, DuPonts, Guggenheims, Vanderbilts and Rockefellers.
It financed the launch of AT&T, General Motors, General Electric and DuPont. Like the London-based Rothschild and Barings banks, Morgan became part of the power structure in many countries.

By 1890 the House of Morgan was lending to Egypt’s central bank, financing Russian railroads, floating Brazilian provincial government bonds and funding Argentine public works projects.
A recession in 1893 enhanced Morgan’s power.

That year Morgan saved the US government from a bank panic, forming a syndicate to prop up government reserves with a shipment of $62 million worth of Rothschild gold.

In 1903 Banker’s Trust was set up by the Eight Families.

Benjamin Strong of Banker’s Trust was the first Governor of the New York Federal Reserve Bank.
The 1913 creation of the Fed fused the power of the Eight Families to the military and diplomatic might of the US government.
If their overseas loans went unpaid, the oligarchs could now deploy U.S. Marines to collect the debts.
Morgan, Chase and Citibank formed an international lending syndicate.

In 1912, the Pujo hearings were held, addressing concentration of power on Wall Street. That same year Mrs. Edward Harriman sold her substantial shares in New York’s Guaranty Trust Bank to J.P. Morgan, creating Morgan Guaranty Trust.

Judge Louis Brandeis convinced President Woodrow Wilson to call for an end to interlocking board directorates.
In 1914 the Clayton Anti-Trust Act was passed.

Jack Morgan – J. Pierpont’s son and successor – responded by calling on Morgan clients Remington and Winchester to increase arms production.
He argued that the U.S. needed to enter WWI.

Goaded by the Carnegie Foundation and other oligarchy fronts, Wilson accommodated. 

As Charles Tansill wrote in "America Goes to War", “Even before the clash of arms, the French firm of Rothschild Freres cabled to Morgan & Company in New York suggesting the flotation of a loan of $100 million, a substantial part of which was to be left in the US to pay for French purchases of American goods.”

The House of Morgan financed half the US war effort, while receiving commissions for lining up contractors like GE, Du Pont, US Steel, Kennecott and ASARCO.

All were Morgan clients. Morgan also financed the British Boer War in South Africa and the Franco-Prussian War.
The 1919 Paris Peace Conference was presided over by Morgan, which led both German and Allied reconstruction efforts.

In the 1930’s populism resurfaced in America after Goldman Sachs, Lehman Bank and others profited from the Crash of 1929.

House Banking Committee Chairman Louis McFadden (D-NY) said of the Great Depression, “It was no accident. It was a carefully contrived occurrence…The international bankers sought to bring about a condition of despair here so they might emerge as rulers of us all”.

Sen. Gerald Nye (D-ND) chaired a munitions investigation in 1936. 
Nye concluded that the House of Morgan had plunged the US into WWI to protect loans and create a booming arms industry. 

Nye later produced a document titled The Next War, which cynically referred to “the old goddess of democracy trick”, through which Japan could be used to lure the US into WWII.

In 1937 Interior Secretary Harold Ickes warned of the influence of “America’s 60 Families”. 

Historian Ferdinand Lundberg later penned a book of the exact same title. Supreme 

Court Justice William O. Douglas decried, “Morgan influence…the most pernicious one in industry and finance today.”

Jack Morgan responded by nudging the US towards WWII.
HOUSE OF MORGAN WANTED A SECOND WORLD WAR!

Morgan had close relations with the Iwasaki and Dan families – Japan’s two wealthiest clans – who have owned Mitsubishi and Mitsui, respectively, since the companies emerged from 17th Century shogunates.

When Japan invaded Manchuria, slaughtering Chinese peasants at Nanking, Morgan downplayed the incident.

Morgan also had close relations with Italian fascist Benito Mussolini, while German Nazi Dr. Hjalmer Schacht was a Morgan Bank liaison during WWII. 

After the war Morgan representatives met with Schacht at the Bank of International Settlements (BIS) in Basel, Switzerland.

BIS is the most powerful bank in the world, a global central bank for the Eight Families who control the private central banks of almost all Western and developing nations.

The first President of BIS was Rockefeller banker Gates McGarrah- an official at Chase Manhattan and the Federal Reserve.
McGarrah was the grandfather of former CIA director Richard Helms.

The Rockefellers- like the Morgans- had close ties to London. David Icke writes in "Children of the Matrix", that the Rockefellers and Morgans were just “gofers” for the European Rothschilds.

BIS is owned by the Federal Reserve, Bank of England, Bank of Italy, Bank of Canada, Swiss National Bank, Nederlandsche Bank, Bundesbank and Bank of France.  

WHO OWNS THOSE BANKS? 
WHAT INDIVIDUALS? 
SOMEONE OWNS THEM....WHO??? 

"THE MAGIC 8"

Historian Carroll Quigley wrote in his epic book "Tragedy and Hope" that BIS was part of a plan, “to create a world system of financial control in private hands able to dominate the political system of each country and the economy of the world as a whole…to be controlled in a feudalistic fashion by the central banks of the world acting in concert by secret agreements.”

It is no coincidence that BIS is headquartered in Switzerland, favorite hiding place for the wealth of the global aristocracy .

Other institutions which the Eight Families control include the World Economic Forum, the International Monetary Conference and the World Trade Organization.

Bretton Woods was a boon to the Eight Families.
The IMF and World Bank were central to this “new world order”.

In 1944 the first World Bank bonds were floated by Morgan Stanley and First Boston.
The French Lazard family became more involved in House of Morgan interests.

 Lazard Freres- France’s biggest investment bank- is owned by the Lazard and David-Weill families- old Genoese banking scions represented by Michelle Davive.
A recent Chairman and CEO of Citigroup was Sanford Weill.

In 1968 Morgan Guaranty launched Euro-Clear, a Brussels-based bank clearing system for Eurodollar securities.
 It was the first such automated endeavor.
Some took to calling Euro-Clear “The Beast”.

Brussels serves as headquarters for the new European Central Bank and for NATO.

John D. Rockefeller used his oil wealth to acquire Equitable Trust, which had gobbled up several large banks and corporations by the 1920’s.
The Great Depression helped consolidate Rockefeller’s power.

His Chase Bank merged with Kuhn Loeb’s Manhattan Bank to form Chase Manhattan, cementing a long-time family relationship.

The Kuhn-Loeb’s had financed – along with Rothschilds – Rockefeller’s quest to become king of the oil patch.

National City Bank of Cleveland provided John D. with the money needed to embark upon his monopolization of the US oil industry.

The bank was identified in Congressional hearings as being one of three Rothschild-owned banks in the US during the 1870’s, when Rockefeller first incorporated as Standard Oil of Ohio.

One Rockefeller Standard Oil partner was Edward Harkness, whose family came to control Chemical Bank.

Another was James Stillman, whose family controlled Manufacturers Hanover Trust.
Both banks have merged under the JP Morgan Chase umbrella.

Two of James Stillman’s daughters married two of William Rockefeller’s sons.
The two families control a big chunk of Citigroup as well.

In the insurance business, the Rockefellers control Metropolitan Life, Equitable Life, Prudential and New York Life.

Rockefeller banks control 25% of all assets of the 50 largest US commercial banks and 30% of all assets of the 50 largest insurance companies.

Companies under Rockefeller control include Exxon Mobil, Chevron Texaco, BP Amoco, Marathon Oil, Freeport McMoran, Quaker Oats, ASARCO, United, Delta, Northwest, ITT, International Harvester, Xerox, Boeing, Westinghouse, Hewlett-Packard, Honeywell, International Paper, Pfizer, Motorola, Monsanto, Union Carbide and General Foods. 

The Rockefeller Foundation has close financial ties to both Ford and Carnegie Foundations. 

Other family philanthropic endeavors include Rockefeller Brothers Fund, Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research, General Education Board, Rockefeller University and the University of Chicago- which churns out a steady stream of far right economists as apologists for international capital, including Milton Friedman.

The family owns 30 Rockefeller Plaza, where the national Christmas tree is lighted every year, and Rockefeller Center.

David Rockefeller was instrumental in the construction of the World Trade Center towers.

The Dulles and Rockefeller families are cousins. 
Allen Dulles created the CIA, [IS RUMORED TO HAVE...] assisted the Nazis, covered up the Kennedy hit from his Warren Commission perch and struck a deal with the Muslim Brotherhood to create mind-controlled assassins. "


WHO PROSPERED FROM THE FINANCIAL COLLAPSE OF AMERICA, BOTH IN 1930s AND IN THE EARLY-2000s?
SAME FAMILIES, SAME BANKS, SAME BUNCH.

WHO WOULD PROSPER MOST FROM ANOTHER COLLAPSE?
THOSE WHO ARE "UNSINKABLE"...
THINK ABOUT IT...





__________________________________

Notes for the above article:

[1] 10K Filings of Fortune 500 Corporations to SEC. 3-91

[2] 10K Filing of US Trust Corporation to SEC. 6-28-95

[3] “The Federal Reserve ‘Fed Up’. Thomas Schauf. www.davidicke.com 1-02

[4] The Secrets of the Federal Reserve. Eustace Mullins. Bankers Research Institute. Staunton, VA. 1983. p.179

[5] Ibid. p.53

[6] The Triumph of Conservatism. Gabriel Kolko. MacMillan and Company New York. 1963. p.142

[8] The House of Morgan. Ron Chernow. Atlantic Monthly Press NewYork 1990

[9] Marrs. p.57

[10] Democracy for the Few. Michael Parenti. St. Martin’s Press. New York. 1977. p.178

[11] Chernow

[12] The Great Crash of 1929. John Kenneth Galbraith. Houghton, Mifflin Company. Boston. 1979. p.148

[13] Chernow

[14] Children of the Matrix. David Icke. Bridge of Love. Scottsdale, AZ. 2000

[15] The Confidence Game: How Un-Elected Central Bankers are Governing the Changed World Economy. Steven Solomon. Simon & Schuster. New York. 1995. p.112

[16] Marrs. p.180

[17] Ibid. p.45

[18] The Money Lenders: The People and Politics of the World Banking Crisis. Anthony Sampson. Penguin Books. New York. 1981

[19] The Rockefeller File. Gary Allen. ’76 Press. Seal Beach, CA. 1977

[20] Ibid

[21] Dope Inc.: The Book That Drove Kissinger Crazy. Editors of Executive Intelligence Review. Washington, DC. 1992

[22] Marrs.

[23] The Rockefeller Syndrome. Ferdinand Lundberg. Lyle Stuart Inc. Secaucus, NJ. 1975. p.296

[24] Marrs. p.53


OTHER SOURCES FOR THE ABOVE:

http://www.uaca.ac.cr/acta/1998nov/lreed.htm

http://xroads.virginia.edu/~CLASS/am485_98/graham/visitor.html 

http://www.libertyhaven.com/theoreticalorphilosophicalissues/economichistory/fourmyths.html ]